This workshop focuses on animal models used in preclinical studies. The emphasis is on criteria for selecting appropriate animal models, advantages and/or limitations of different animal models used in modeling ocular disease or drug delivery, and regulatory issues that researchers should consider in selecting and using animal models in pre-clinical and translational research.
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Cells in all tissues, including those within the eye, are faced daily with the task of turning over macromolecules and organelles, especially those that are structurally or functionally aberrant due to defects in synthesis, oxidative or other types of damage, or excessive accumulation. The lysosomal system has been a centerpiece of cell biology for more than six decades.
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The recent evolution of molecular genetics has advanced research in vision and ophthalmology, including inherited and degenerative retinal diseases, glaucoma, oncology, and pathology. These innovative molecular genetic methodologies now assist in all aspects of patient care, from diagnosis and genetic counseling, to treatment.
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Lens biology is generally studied by two very distinct groups of investigators: those that study the lens purely as an optical instrument and those that study the behavior of its component cells. In this Minisymposium, we will try to bridge the gap between these disciplines by examining how collectively, the cellular properties of the lens determine its physical and optical properties.
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Clinician-scientists at various stages in their career will share their experiences on how to become a successful clinician-scientist. An NEI extramural representative will be available to discuss clinician-scientist specific funding mechanisms.
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Recent advances in pre-clinical and clinical trials of stem cell based therapies for retinal degenerations, gene therapies for inherited eye disease, genomic based customized treatments and clinical studies of retinal implants renew the hope of those living with visual impairment previously labelled as untreatable.
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Good vision and visual function is important for everyday tasks everywhere in the world. Our understanding of what can be done via nutrition to influence lifelong eye-health is growing. This session will address several aspects of nutrition and eye health: from early development through to the very elderly, using basic science, epidemiology and imaging to illustrate what we know and illustrate where the gaps in knowledge are.
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AMD has an increasingly well-defined genetic basis. Potent genetic risk alleles have been identified by genome-wide association studies that are beginning to implicate specific biological processes in the pathogenesis of AMD.
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Most patients with impaired vision view binocularly when performing activities of daily living. Yet for many years we have relied on monocular assessments of the preferred retinal locus (PRL) and have given relatively little consideration to whether binocular rivalry or suppression might limit functionality of low vision devices (e.g., unilaterally-fitted prisms for hemianopia).
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The molecular and cellular mechanisms that induced axonal injury in neurodegenerative diseases of the optic nerve are not well understood. This minisymposium will provide an update with the latest evidence and current thinking on how retinal ganglion cell axons are damaged in glaucoma and other optic neuropathies.
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Applications of nanotechnology to all fields of medicine are increasing exponentially. Nano devices, materials, and chemical assemblies are already proving to be novel tools that are contributing to the improvement of healthcare in the 21st century. Regenerative medicine employing nanotechnology by replacing and/or improving cell, tissue, and organ function promises to be the next generation of treatment modalities.
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The symposium intends to review recent advances in retinal drug and gene delivery with specific emphasis on novel approaches that address current limitations and can translate into clinical practice. This minisymposium is sponsored by Translational Vision Science and Technology, an ARVO journal. TVST will publish a paper on this session later in 2014.
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Abnormal ocular circulation is associated with the leading causes of blindness: macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma. Recent technological advances have greatly enhanced the ability to image and measure ocular circulation. This session will address basic principles, emerging technologies, and their application to clinical practice.
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Once a breakthrough discovery has been made, what are the next steps? Whether de-risking an asset to increase the potential for out licensing or forming a company and becoming an entrepreneur, the drug development process is very different from academic research.
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This session highlights the greatly increasing cases of ROP world-wide and evolving appearances of it, as well as novel methods of prevention of severe ROP and current treatments, caveats associated with them, and future directions that will take into account retinal development and vision.
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The minisymposium will discuss the topic of the microbiome relative to host resistance to ocular opportunistic pathogens.
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Why pursue global health research? In this workshop, some of the world's top vision researchers will discuss the inherent benefits of collaborating with scientists from other parts of the world in the study of eye disorders and diseases.
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The Weisenfeld Award is presented annually to an individual in recognition of distinguished scholarly contributions to the clinical practice of ophthalmology.
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Its no secret that ARVO's leadership tends to be male-dominated. Yet we count among our members some of the world's most outstanding women scientists. So why are they under-represented on the Board of Trustees, on our editorial boards and among awardees?
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